ENAR103

Building Material I

Syllabus

Introduction (2 hours)
1. Building materials and their importance in architecture and engineering
2. Objective of building material study
Stone (8 hours)
1. Introduction and sources of stone; types of rocks by geological formation, physical and chemical properties, and hardness
2. Quarrying of stone: by hand, by machine, by blasts
3. Seasoning, defects and preservation of stone
4. Dressing of stone: hammer dressing, chisel drafted margin, tooling and axing, fine tooling, rubbed and polished work
5. Stone masonry: types, general principles, comparison between brick and stone masonry
6. Selection and uses of stone; artificial stones
Brick (7 hours)
1. Introduction and types of bricks (traditional and modern)
2. Constituents of brick earth and brick making process (hand and machine)
3. Characteristics of good bricks, sizes and classes (A, B, C)
4. Testing of brick: water absorption, compressive strength, tensile strength, lab and field tests
Lime (3 hours)
1. Introduction, constituents and classification of lime
2. Types, properties, comparisons and uses of lime
Sand (3 hours)
1. Introduction, classification and uses
2. Bulking of sand, characteristics of good sand, substitutes of sand
Cement (10 hours)
1. Introduction, constituents and properties of good cement
2. Manufacturing process: dry and wet process
3. Testing of cement: fineness, soundness, tensile strength, compressive strength, field test
4. Cement mortar, types and uses; cement plaster and paints; storage of cement; lab and field tests
Concrete (12 hours)
1. Introduction, constituents and mixing ratios
2. Properties of concrete: plastic and hardened stage
3. Operations of concrete: mixing, transportation, placing, compaction, curing
4. Types of concrete including reinforced cement concrete, admixtures, and lab testing

Practicals

Field work: visit to ongoing project site and market survey of different building materials
Tutorials (15 hours): exercises, assignments, lab reports, site visit and market survey reports, with a site visit to a quarry site, brick factory or cement factory

Syllabus

Introduction (2 hours)

Building materials and their importance in architecture and engineering
Objective of building material study

Stone (8 hours)

Introduction and sources of stone; types of rocks by geological formation, physical and chemical properties, and hardness
Quarrying of stone: by hand, by machine, by blasts
Seasoning, defects and preservation of stone
Dressing of stone: hammer dressing, chisel drafted margin, tooling and axing, fine tooling, rubbed and polished work
Stone masonry: types, general principles, comparison between brick and stone masonry
Selection and uses of stone; artificial stones

Brick (7 hours)

Introduction and types of bricks (traditional and modern)
Constituents of brick earth and brick making process (hand and machine)
Characteristics of good bricks, sizes and classes (A, B, C)
Testing of brick: water absorption, compressive strength, tensile strength, lab and field tests

Lime (3 hours)

Introduction, constituents and classification of lime
Types, properties, comparisons and uses of lime

Sand (3 hours)

Introduction, classification and uses
Bulking of sand, characteristics of good sand, substitutes of sand

Cement (10 hours)

Introduction, constituents and properties of good cement
Manufacturing process: dry and wet process
Testing of cement: fineness, soundness, tensile strength, compressive strength, field test
Cement mortar, types and uses; cement plaster and paints; storage of cement; lab and field tests

Concrete (12 hours)

Introduction, constituents and mixing ratios
Properties of concrete: plastic and hardened stage
Operations of concrete: mixing, transportation, placing, compaction, curing
Types of concrete including reinforced cement concrete, admixtures, and lab testing