Building Science II

Syllabus

1. Architectural Acoustics (2 hours)
   1. Introduction and importance of architectural acoustics
   2. History of architectural acoustics
   3. Ancient open air theatre: Dabali of Nepal, Greek and Roman
2. Properties of Acoustics (2 hours)
   1. Fundamentals of architectural acoustics
   2. Sound properties and its reaction
   3. Classification of sound (air borne and impact)
   4. Measure of sound intensity level and audible range
   5. Acceptable indoor noise level
3. Room Acoustics (4 hours)
   1. Three reactions of sound in an enclosed space
   2. Mass law, vertical and horizontal barrier
   3. Transmission loss and sound insulation
   4. Common acoustic problems: echo, reverberation, sound foci, dead spots, insufficient loudness, external noise
4. Acoustical Materials (2 hours)
   1. Absorption and reflection of materials
   2. Types of acoustical materials: prefabricated units, acoustical plaster, acoustical blankets
5. Reverberation Time (3 hours)
   1. Reverberation time
   2. The Sabine-Eyring reverberation time equation
   3. Calculation of optimum reverberation time (ORT)
6. Acoustical Design of an Auditorium (4 hours)
   1. Auditorium and types of auditoriums
   2. Requirements of good acoustics design
   3. Factors affecting acoustic design of an auditorium
   4. Sound reinforcement systems
7. Noise Control (4 hours)
   1. Noise and its types
   2. Impact of noise to human beings
   3. Noise control techniques
   4. Noise control for external and internal noise
8. Architectural Lighting (4 hours)
   1. Importance and history of architectural lighting
   2. Light and properties of daylight
   3. Photometric quantities of light
   4. Daylight factor, design sky concept
   5. Light and glare
9. Daylight in Buildings (4 hours)
   1. Objectives of day lighting in a building
   2. Building shape and layout
   3. Location, shape and size of openings
   4. Orientation of buildings
10. Artificial Lighting in Buildings (6 hours)
    1. Objectives of artificial lighting
    2. Electric light sources: incandescent, fluorescent, CFL, LED, high-intensity discharge, smart lighting
    3. Interior lighting design and types of interior lighting systems
    4. Illumination design and calculation
11. Architectural Lighting Philosophy (2 hours)
    1. Introduction to architectural lighting philosophy
    2. Architectural lighting masterpieces of Le Corbusier, Louis I. Kahn and Tadao Ando
12. Energy (8 hours)
    1. Energy and its concepts
    2. Sources of energy: renewable and nonrenewable
    3. Global and Nepal energy scenario
    4. Passive methods of energy conversion
    5. Active methods of energy conversion: PV cell, solar collector, solar water heater, dryer

Practicals

Fifteen hours of tutorials: calculation of reverberation time of a hall, acoustic design in a selected building, design and calculation of artificial illumination in a room, and daylighting and artificial lighting design in a selected building.