Engineering Hydrology

Syllabus

1. Introduction (3 hours)
   1. Scope and application of engineering hydrology
   2. Hydrologic cycle and water balance equations
   3. Development of hydro-meteorological study and data in Nepal
   4. Delineation of hydrological boundary and its characterization
2. Precipitation (8 hours)
   1. Causes, forms and types of precipitation
   2. Rainstorm hydrology (rainfall measurement, data preparation, presentation methods)
   3. Cumulative distribution and probability functions
   4. Mean rainfall over area (arithmetic mean, Thiessen, Isohyets)
   5. Depth-duration, depth-area-duration, and intensity-duration-frequency curves
   6. Rainfall frequency and goodness of fit tests
   7. Probable maximum precipitation
   8. Snowstorm hydrology (climatology, measurement, water equivalent, remote sensing, snowmelt modeling, avalanches)
3. Abstractions from Precipitation (6 hours)
   1. Initial losses (interception, depression storage)
   2. Evaporation (measurement, empirical equations, budget methods)
   3. Evapotranspiration (actual and potential)
   4. Infiltration (measurement, models, indices)
4. Surface Runoff (3 hours)
   1. Factors affecting runoff
   2. Runoff characteristics
   3. Rainfall-runoff relations
   4. Monthly flows by regional formulae
   5. Annual runoff hydrograph
   6. Rainfall-runoff modeling basics
5. Streamflow Measurement (5 hours)
   1. Stream gauging and site selection
   2. Stage measurement techniques
   3. Velocity measurement
   4. Velocity-area method
   5. Measurement through structures
   6. Slope area method
   7. Rating curves
6. Hydrograph Analysis (8 hours)
   1. Components of rainstorm hydrograph
   2. Factors affecting hydrograph shape
   3. Base flow separation
   4. Unit hydrographs (derivation, different durations, synthetic methods)
7. Flood Hydrology (8 hours)
   1. Design flood frequency
   2. Flood frequency analysis (plotting positions, probability distributions, Gumbel, Log-Pearson III, Log-Normal)
   3. Design floods in ungauged basins (rational method, rainfall-runoff methods, empirical formulae)
   4. Flash floods and probable maximum flood
   5. Flood modeling basics
8. Flood Routing (4 hours)
   1. Reservoir and channel routing concepts
   2. Hydrologic channel routing
   3. Muskingum equation and method
   4. Clark's method for instantaneous unit hydrograph

Practicals

1. Catchment delineation and analysis
2. Meteorological instruments observation
3. Streamflow measurement