Animate and Inanimate Sources of Farm Power (4 hours)
Sources of farm power and their utilization: human power, animal power, electrical power, mechanical power, solar energy, wind energy, bio-gas and micro-hydro
Availability, advantages and limitations of farm power sources
Account of farm power sources in Nepal
Animal power harnesses: measurement of human and animal power; yokes and harnesses for draught animals; walking type farm machines and equipment; riding type farm machines and equipment; transport equipment; design parameters for animal harnesses
Internal Combustion (IC) Engines (6 hours)
Introduction to IC engine
Operational parameters of IC engines
Classification of IC engines
Working cycles of IC engines
Two-stroke and four-stroke cycle engines
Spark ignition and compression ignition engines
Engine components and their construction
Firing order, firing interval and criteria for selection of firing order
Performance of IC Engines (7 hours)
Power and its measurements: concept of horse power; relation between mechanical and electrical power units; purpose and types of dynamometer; indicated power, brake power, mean effective pressure; engine efficiency; heat balance for IC engine; power, torque and speed relationship; specific fuel consumption
Operating Principle and Function of Engine Systems (24 hours)
Valve operating system: valve arrangement; components involved in valve operation; cam profile and valve lift; valve timing and valve clearance; valve adjustment and maintenance
Intake and exhaust system: components involved; air cleaning system and types; performance of different air cleaners; maintenance
Engine fuels and fuel supply system: properties of fuels; calorific and heating values; octane and cetane number; test of gasoline and diesel fuel; combustion equation for hydrocarbon fuels; combustion in spark ignition and compression ignition engines; air-fuel ratio and mixture requirements; carburetion and working principle of carburetor; diesel fuel supply system; petrol fuel supply system; petrol injection, electronic fuel injection (EFI) and multipoint fuel injection (MPFI) systems; common rail direct injection (CRDI) system; turbo charging and supercharging; governor and governor control
Ignition system: purpose and types; components and function; pre-ignition and ignition delays; ignition timing, advance and retard; detonation and knocking in IC engine
Cooling system: purpose and types; air cooling system; pressure water cooling system; corrosion and corrosion inhibitors; antifreeze mixture; cooling system tune-up
Lubrication system: purpose and types; lubricating oil classification; properties of lubricants; additives and pollution; selection parameters; components of pressure feed lubrication system; maintenance
Starting and electrical system: self-starting system; storage battery and its maintenance; charging, lighting and horn system; maintenance of electrical system
Small Engines for Farm Operations (2 hours)
Stationary engines for farm operations
Range and availability in the country
Selection of engines for farm operations
Practicals
Tutorial (15 hours)
Estimate of human and animal power for operation of farm implements
Preparation of power overlap chart
Estimation of power of engine and its performances
Preparation of heat balance sheet
Calculation of heating value of hydrocarbon fuels
Practical (30 hours)
Dismantling of an IC engine, identification of major parts and measurement of basic dimensions
Study on working principle of two-stroke and four stroke cycle spark ignition and compression ignition engines, firing interval, firing order and valve timing
Study on intake and exhaust system and air-cleaners
Study on fuel supply system of compression ignition engines
Study on fuel supply system of spark ignition engines
Study on cooling system in IC engines
Study on lubrication system in IC engines
Study on governors and governing system in IC engines
Study on electrical and starting system
Oil and fuel test
Starting of engine and making adjustments in engine systems
Study on engine maintenance schedule, troubles and their remedies
