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ENME207

Heating Ventilation and Cold Storage

Syllabus

  1. Thermodynamic Cycles (2 hours)
    1. Carnot cycle for refrigeration
    2. Reverse Carnot cycle
    3. Conclusion from Carnot cycle
    4. Refrigerator and heat pump
    5. Coefficient of performance (COP)
  2. Refrigeration System (8 hours)
    1. Introduction
    2. Unit of refrigeration
    3. Simple vapour compression refrigeration system: ideal and actual vapour compression cycles, T-s and p-h diagrams, effects of dry and wet compression, COP
    4. Refrigerants: classification, ideal properties, chemical properties, environment friendly refrigerants
    5. Expansion devices: types, construction and functions
  3. Reciprocating Air Compressor (6 hours)
    1. Air compressor terminology
    2. Primary components of a reciprocating air compressor
    3. Working principle of reciprocating air compressor
    4. Work done by compressor
    5. Volumetric and adiabatic efficiencies
    6. Multi-stage compression
    7. Intercoolers
    8. Representation of p-V and T-s diagrams
    9. Clearance volume effects
    10. Condition for minimum work
    11. Power required to drive a compressor
  4. Other Compressors (6 hours)
    1. Rotary compressors
    2. Hermetic sealed compressors
    3. Centrifugal compressors
    4. Axial flow compressors
    5. Application of compressors
  5. Evaporators and Condensers (2 hours)
    1. Evaporators: types, function, capacity, factors affecting heat transfer capacity
    2. Condensers: types, function, factors affecting condenser capacity, heat rejection factor, cooling towers and spray ponds
  6. Principle of Psychometrics (5 hours)
    1. Psychrometric properties
    2. Psychometric processes: sensible heating and cooling, cooling and dehumidification, heating and humidification, humidification and dehumidification, mixing of two streams of air, evaporative cooling/adiabatic humidification
    3. Psychrometric chart and its use
  7. Cold Storage (8 hours)
    1. Introduction
    2. Functional requirements of cold storage
    3. Condition of storage for perishable products
    4. Calculation of cooling and heating load
    5. Design of cold storage system and construction
    6. Types of cooling plants for cold storage
    7. Insulation properties and types of insulation material
    8. Cold storage for milk, meat, fruits, vegetables, poultry and marine products
    9. Refrigerated transport, handling and distribution, cold chain, refrigerated product handling, order picking, refrigerated vans, refrigerated display, air diffusion equipment, doors and openings
    10. Prefabricated systems, walk-in-coolers, and refrigerated container trucks
    11. Sensors for cold storage management
    12. Freezer storages, freezer room temperatures, insulation of freezer rooms, pre-cooling and pre-freezing
  8. Different Application of Heating and Cooling Processes (8 hours)
    1. Air conditioning system: comfort conditions, equipment used
    2. Classification: comfort and industrial air conditioning; winter, summer and year-round air conditioning; unitary and central air conditioning; applications of refrigeration and air conditioning; domestic refrigerator and freezer, ice manufacture
    3. Ripening chamber: components, working, maintenance
    4. Poultry incubator: components, working, maintenance
    5. Curd incubator: components, working, maintenance
    6. Milk processing plant: components, working, maintenance
    7. Ice-cream manufacturing plant: components, working, maintenance

Practicals

  1. Performance evaluation of reciprocating air compressor
  2. Study on components and processes of vapour compression
  3. Diagnosis, maintenance and testing of vapour compression system (domestic refrigerator)
  4. Determination of coefficient of performance of vapour compression
  5. Experiment on cooling towers to determine their efficiency
  6. Determination of pull-down characteristics of a cold storage

Evaluation

Final exam questions cover all chapters. Approximate marks distribution (total 60 marks over 45 hours):

  1. Thermodynamic Cycles: 4 marks
  2. Refrigeration System: 10 marks
  3. Reciprocating Air Compressor: 8 marks
  4. Other Compressors: 6 marks
  5. Evaporators and Condensers: 4 marks
  6. Principle of Psychometrics: 8 marks
  7. Cold Storage: 10 marks
  8. Different Application of Heating and Cooling Processes: 10 marks