Functional elements of measurement system and instrument system
Classification of instruments: Deflection and null types, manually operated and automatic types, analog and digital types; Self-generating and power-operated types, contacting and non-contacting types, dumb and intelligent types; Application of instrument systems
Standard and calibration
Characteristics of Instruments (6 hours)
Types of errors and uncertainties in instrumentations
Static performance parameters: Accuracy, repeatability, precision, threshold, sensitivity, resolution, linearity, range and span, hysteresis, dead band, drift, backlash, selection of instrument
Dynamic response: Periodic input-harmonic type, general periodic input – non-harmonic type, transient type input and random input; compensation
Process Instrumentation (9 hours)
Working principles of instruments used for the measurement of flow, level, force, pressure, temperature, density, viscosity, humidity, pH value, turbidity
Advantage and disadvantage of instruments
Application considerations
Building Blocks of Instrument (8 hours)
Classification, principles and applications of sensors and transducers
Transducer, amplifier, signal, conditioner
Signal isolation, signal transmitter, display
Data acquisition modules, I/O devices, signal convertors, interfaces
Control System and Automation Strategy (6 hours)
Evolution of instrumentation and control
Types of industries and automation
Role of automation in industries
Benefits of automation and automation strategy evolution
Computer Based Control Systems (9 hours)
Introduction, evolution, types, architecture and applications of PLC system
Introduction, evolution, architecture, types and applications of DCS system
Introduction, evolution, types, architecture and applications of SCADA system
Practicals
Calibration of differential pressure transmitter
Calibration of thermocouples
Control valve characterization
Calibration of pressure guage using a dead weight calibrator
