Instrumentation and Measurement

Syllabus

1. Instrumentation Systems (2 hours)
   1. Functional components of instrumentation systems
   2. Signal processing, transmission, and output indication
   3. Electrical, electronics, pneumatic, and hydraulic working media systems
   4. Conversion devices
   5. Analog and digital systems
2. Theory of Measurement (8 hours)
   1. Static performance parameters: accuracy, precision, sensitivity, resolution, linearity
   2. Dynamic performance parameters: response time, frequency response, bandwidth
   3. Error analysis and statistical methods
   4. Moving coil and moving iron instruments for voltage/current measurement
   5. Low, high, and medium resistance measurement
   6. AC bridges for inductance and capacitance measurement
3. Transducers (10 hours)
   1. Classification and applications
   2. Mechanical variable measurement: displacement, strain, velocity, acceleration, vibration
   3. Process variable measurement: temperature, pressure, level, flow, pH, humidity
   4. Biophysical variable measurement: blood pressure, myoelectric potentials
4. Electrical Signal Processing and Transmission (6 hours)
   1. Op-amp characteristics and instrumentation amplifiers
   2. Signal amplification, attenuation, integration, differentiation
   3. Noise effects and analog/digital filtering
   4. Optical communication and fiber optics
5. Analog-Digital and Digital-Analog Conversion (6 hours)
   1. DACs: weighted resistor and R-2R ladder types with error analysis
   2. ADCs: successive approximation, ramp, dual ramp, flash types with error analysis
6. Digital Instrumentation (6 hours)
   1. Sample-and-hold circuits
   2. Data acquisition system components
   3. Computer interfacing
7. Electrical Equipment (7 hours)
   1. Wattmeters, energy meters, frequency meters
   2. Power factor meters
   3. Instrument transformers

Practicals

1. Meter accuracy testing
2. Operational amplifier applications
3. Transducer measurements
4. ADC/DAC converter testing