ENME252
Instrumentation and Sensors
Syllabus
- Measurement System (6 hours)
- Definition and types
- Intrusive and non-intrusive techniques
- Analog and digital instruments
- Performance terms: reliability, linearity, saturation, hysteresis, response time
- Calibration techniques
- Safety considerations
- Data acquisition: methods, devices and features
- Signal Conditioning and Processing (12 hours)
- Signal: concept, types, acquisition, and properties of digital signal
- Resistance to voltage conversion: Wheatstone bridge
- Noise: types, signal-to-noise ratio
- Digital signal processing
- Fourier transform: discrete Fourier transform, fast Fourier transform
- Inverse Fourier transform
- Data presentation
- Dynamic Response of Measurement System (8 hours)
- Amplitude and frequency response
- Mathematical modelling of systems: zero order, first order and second order systems with examples
- Characteristics and response of zero, first and second order systems
- Sensors and Transducers (17 hours)
- Classification: resistive, capacitive, inductive, piezoelectric sensors
- Position and motion measurement: potentiometer (linear, rotary), strain gauge (construction, gauge factor), LVDT, proximity sensors (optical, capacitive, inductive), ultrasonic, infrared, radar and laser sensors
- Force, moment and torque measurement: load cells, multi-axis measurement, torque measurement systems
- Fluid pressure sensor: manometers, Bourdon tube, diaphragm sensor, piezoelectric sensor
- Temperature sensor: expansion thermometer (liquid-in-glass, bimetallic), RTD, thermocouple (types and temperature compensation), pyrometer
- Flow measurement: flow meter and pitot probes, flow visualization (particle image velocimetry, Schlieren imaging, BOS)
- Hydraulic and pneumatic system: working principle, actuation system, control valves
- Vibration measurement: vibration sensors and accelerometer
- Image sensor
- Smart Systems (2 hours)
- Micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS)
- Smart and intelligent sensors
Practicals
- Modelling first and second order systems in Simulink
- Raspberry Pi and Arduino programming and operation
- Loadcell calibration and measurement
- Digital signal processing: FFT and filtering
- Group project on using sensors with Arduino and/or Raspberry Pi
Evaluation
Final exam questions cover all chapters. Approximate marks distribution (total 60 marks over 45 hours):
- Measurement System and Smart Systems: 10 marks
- Signal Conditioning and Processing: 15 marks
- Dynamic Response of Measurement System: 10 marks
- Sensors and Transducers: 25 marks